G-8 summit reaches agreement on aid to Africa, Palestinians

By: TOM RAUM - Associated Press | Friday, July 8, 2005 5:55 PM PDT ∞

GLENEAGLES, Scotland -- Vowing not to be sidetracked by the deadly London bombings, world leaders unveiled a $50 billion package Friday to help lift Africa from poverty and proposed up to $9 billion to help the Palestinians achieve peace with Israel.

"We offer today this contrast with the politics of terror," said British Prime Minister Tony Blair, wrapping an economic summit jolted by Thursday's bus and subway attacks.

Leaders also pledged new joint efforts against terrorism in response to the attacks.

The Group of Eight nations -- the United States, Britain, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, Canada and Russia -- adjourned early Friday so Blair could return to London to deal with the crisis.

Among leaders, however, President Bush was first to leave this secluded golf resort and was airborne half an hour before the start of Blair's closing news conference.

Upon arriving in Washington, Bush went directly to the British Embassy to sign a condolence book on behalf of the American people.

Among the new anti-terrorism commitments are a promise to work together to improve rail and subway safety, and seeking a wider U.N. role in discouraging terrorism.

"We assure the people of the United Kingdom of our solidarity in the continuing struggle against terrorism," G-8 members said in a statement pledging "to bring terrorists to justice wherever they are."

Separately, Russian President Vladimir Putin cautioned against going too far and putting more restrictions on democracy. In doing that, "We would be giving a great gift to the terrorists themselves because they are aiming exactly for that," Putin told reporters. "They want to use the instruments of democratic society to destroy democracy."

Leaders also endorsed new trade deals and pledged universal access to AIDS treatment.

Bush met for 20-30 minutes Friday morning with Blair to discuss the bombings, White House spokesman Scott McClellan told reporters on Air Force One as Bush flew home.

Bush also was devoting his Saturday radio address to the attacks.

With a last-minute pledge from Japan, Blair won a key victory -- a promise to boost Africa aid to $50 billion annually by 2010, from the current $25 billion. The United States did not make any additional pledges. Bush announced last week that he would seek to double U.S. aid to Africa by 2010.

At Blair's behest, the G-8 nations also endorsed canceling the debt of 18 of the world's poorest nations and renewed their commitment to a peacekeeping force in Africa.

"All of this does not change the world tomorrow. It is a beginning, not an end," said Blair, the summit host, with summit leaders and the leaders of five African countries standing behind him on the steps of the Gleneagles Hotel.

Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo thanked them for their "resolve not to be diverted by these terrorist acts."

Blair failed, however, to get all summit countries to commit to boosting foreign aid to an amount equal to 0.7 percent of national income by 2015. U.S. giving is currently 0.16 percent of national income, the smallest percentage of any G-8 country.

Even so, Irish rock star Bono, who helped organize last weekend's global Live 8 concerts to pressure G-8 leaders to spend more money on Africa, said "a mountain has been climbed."

"We've pulled this off," he said. "The world spoke and the politicians listened."

G-8 members pledged up to $3 billion a year for three years, or up $9 billion total, much of it in the form of private investments, to help energize the Palestinian economy and create conditions more conducive to getting the Israeli-Palestinian peace process back on track.

Blair said the pledge would help "two states, Israel and Palestine, two peoples and two religions (to) live side by side in peace."

Leaders also declined to embrace Blair's proposal for promises of sharp reductions of the pollutants scientists say cause global warming.

In a compromise, they agreed to Bush's insistence that any new round of talks include developing countries such as China and India that were exempted from the Kyoto treaty on global warming.

Blair announced the first such meeting for Nov. 1 in London. The United States is the only G-8 nation to not ratify the Kyoto treaty, which took effect in February.

"It is in the nature of politics that we do not achieve absolutely everything we hope to achieve, but nonetheless I believe we have made very substantial progress indeed," Blair told reporters.

French President Jacques Chirac agreed, and said the agreement on climate change would ensure "indispensable dialogue" between nations.

Although the London bombings cast a pall over what usually is a festive gathering, German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder said leaders were "overall successful" in pushing through the agenda.

Environmental groups accused the Bush administration of being the major obstacle to a stronger statement on global warming.

"The Bush administration has again done its best to derail international action to tackle climate change," said Tony Juniper, vice chair of Friends of the Earth International.

Winners and losers in the G-8 summit

GLENEAGLES, Scotland (AP) -- After months of fraught negotiations, leaders from the Group of Eight industrialized nations agreed to help alleviate poverty in Africa and begin a new international dialogue on tackling global warming. The summit's closing declaration posed only a partial victory for the G-8 chairman, British Prime Minister Tony Blair. Here is a closer look at the winner and losers.

AFRICAN AID:

Winner: Blair scored a major victory in this area, prodding the other G-8 countries to agree to a doubling of support for Africa to $50 billion annually by 2010, from the current $25 billion.

Loser: President Bush, who appeared to be a reluctant participant in the entire exercise, only agreed a week ago to commit to doubling U.S. support for Africa by 2010. He refused to go along with Blair's target of donating an amount of foreign aid equal to 0.7 percent of national income. The U.S. percentage is 0.16 percent, the lowest of G-8 countries.

PALESTINIAN AID:

Winner: Palestinian officials welcomed a global financial contribution of up to $9 billion over the next three years, with domestic and international investors as full partners in the process, saying the money will be needed to rebuild the Gaza Strip after Israel's withdrawal this summer.

Loser: It was unclear that anyone suffered with this decision because Israel could gain if the Palestinian economy improves and high unemployment is reduced in the Gaza Strip. That could make it harder for insurgent groups to recruit young Palestinians.

CLIMATE CHANGE:

Winner: Despite intense international pressure and lobbying from environmentalists, Bush gave little ground on global warming. He acknowledged humans contribute to the problem, but continued to insist the science of climate change was inconclusive. The summit declaration set no emissions targets and made only a passing reference to the Kyoto treaty, which Bush refused to sign, fearing harm to the U.S. economy.

Loser: Blair knew there was no chance of bringing Bush on board the Kyoto process, but hoped for consensus on the science of climate change. The promise of new dialogue on global warming, including emerging economies such as India, China and Brazil, represented some progress. But environmentalists criticized the agreement as meaningless because it took no action to control global warming.

TERRORISM:

No winner or loser: The G-8 leaders came together in a show of unity after deadly bus and train bombings in London. They rallied around Blair and pressed ahead with the ambitious G-8 agenda, despite the focus of the world's media switching from the summit to the attacks. In the closing declaration, the leaders pledged to "work to bring terrorists to justice wherever they are."

On the Net:

U.S. on G-8: http://usinfo.org/usia/usinfo.state.gov/topical/econ/group8/g8what.html

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